Cataracts are a common eye condition where the lens becomes cloudy, leading to blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to light. There are several types of cataracts, including nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular, each with unique characteristics.
Common symptoms include faded colors, double vision, and halos around lights, while causes range from aging and genetics to diabetes and prolonged UV exposure. Effective treatment options like surgery and lifestyle changes can restore vision and improve overall eye health.